Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi
Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi (b. 1746 Zürich, d. 1827 Brugg) was an educational reformer and humanitarian, and is considered to be one of the founders of pedagogy. The main points of his methodology , from ncsu.edu via PestalozziWorld (a charity based in the UK) are as follows:a. Child centered.
The PestalozziWorld website describes him as having been "200 years ahead of his time." He died in this house in Brugg, pictured here, 180 years ago today.
b. Direct experience. The teacher must never teach by words when a child can see, hear or touch an object for himself. Nature can teach the child better than man can.
c. Activity. The child is expected to be continually active in seeing for himself, making and correcting mistakes, describing his observations, analyzing objects and satisfying his natural curiosity.
d. Induction. The child must observe, learn to express his impressions of concrete objects perceived by the senses and must learn to formulate new generalizations for himself.
e. No books. Early elementary education needs direct and concrete experience rather than books. In this way the child proceeds from the concrete to the abstract.
f. Simplify all subjects. All subjects are reduced to their simple elements. The child proceeds, through experiencing the simple parts, to formulate more abstract generalizations.
20061220
2 comments:
Two observations related to my current studies:
1. Most of these principles seem to have been lost along the way to the University
2. It's not much fun
Coincidence? Don't think so... :)
Yes, even in CH, I'm not sure how universally these principles are applied. Seems quite a shame, really.
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